2. Signaling Pathways
  3. MAPK/ERK Pathway
  4. p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

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The p38 MAPK family consists of highly conserved proline-directed serine-threonine protein kinases that are activated in response to a number many growth factors, cytokines, and chemotactic substances, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), PDGF, TNF, interleukins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). It is well known that p38 is involved in inflammation, apoptosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell differentiation.

The p38 MAPK family is composed of four proteins: p38α (encoded by the gene Mapk14), p38β (Mapk11), p38γ (Mapk12), and p38δ (Mapk13). Their coding genes have a distinct tissue distribution and they appear differentially expressed, being Mapk14 the most highly expressed. p38 MAPKs are substrates for three MAP2K (MKK6, MKK3, and MKK4). The contribution of each of these MAP2K to p38 MAPKs activation depends on the stimulus and the cell type. The MAP3Ks that lead to p38 MAPKs activation are ASK1, DLK1, TAK1, TAO1, TAO2, TPL2, MLK3, MEKK3, MEKK4, and ZAK1.

p38 MAPK Isoform Specific Products:

p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-103566A
    LY456236 free base
    		Inhibitor
    LY456236 free base is a selective, non-competitive and orally active antagonist of glutamate receptor 1 (mGlu1), which can inhibit phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis with an IC50 of 0.145 μM. LY456236 free base can also inhibit EGFR, with an IC50 of 0.918 μM. LY456236 free base blocks cell proliferation by inhibiting the MAPK pathway, reversing the anti-apoptotic effect of DHPG (HY-12598A). LY456236 free base can be used in epilepsy research.
    LY456236 free base
  • HY-W707656
    Aspirin-d7
    Aspirin-d7 is the deuterium labeled Aspirin (HY-14654). Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid) is an orally active, potent and irreversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenase COX-1 and COX-2, with IC50 values of 5 and 210 μg/mL, respectively. Aspirin induces apoptosis. Aspirin inhibits the activation of NF-κB. Aspirin also inhibits platelet prostaglandin synthetase, and can prevent coronary artery and cerebrovascular thrombosis.
    Aspirin-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-162364
    p38-α MAPK-IN-7
    		Inhibitor
    p38-α MAPK-IN-7 (compound 4) is a p38α-MAPK inhibitor with an IC50 value of 98.7 nM. p38-α MAPK-IN-7 protects neuronal cells from dexamethasone-induced ROS production.
    p38-α MAPK-IN-7
  • HY-B0026R
    Ceftiofur hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ceftiofur hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ceftiofur hydrochloride (HY-B0026). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ceftiofur hydrochloride is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor that targets bacterial penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and has anti-inflammatory effects in endotoxemia. Ceftiofur hydrochloride exerts bactericidal effects by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan, leading to bacterial cell lysis. Ceftiofur hydrochloride also inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs, thereby reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.
    Ceftiofur hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-181020
    Deltafluorine
    		Inhibitor
    Deltafluorine is a phosphodiesterase delta (PDEδ) inhibitor with an IC50 of 27 nM, a KD of 148 nM. Deltafluorine covalently modifies the specific glutamate residue p.E88 in the ligand binding site of PDEδ, interfering with its chaperone function. Deltafluorine inhibits signaling through the MAPK and Akt-mTOR pathway, reduces ERK1/2 expression. Deltafluorine reduces tumor volume in an autochthonous mouse model of Kras-driven lung adenocarcinoma. Deltafluorine can be used for the research of lung adenocarcinoma.
    Deltafluorine
  • HY-181887
    Nrf2 activator-23
    		Activator
    Nrf2 activator-23 is an orally active Keap1 binder and Nrf2 activator, with KD values of 28.68 nM and 54.55 nM for Keap1 and its Kelch domain, respectively. Nrf2 activator-23 disrupts the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction, reduces ubiquitination and degradation of Nrf2, and activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Nrf2 activator-23 inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast formation, bone resorptive activity, ROS production, and activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, while downregulating the expression of osteoclast-specific genes and proteins. Nrf2 activator-23 attenuates bone loss and reduces osteoclast formation in vivo without affecting osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. Nrf2 activator-23 can be used for the research of osteoporosis.
    Nrf2 activator-23
  • HY-132878
    FgGpmk1-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    FgGpmk1-IN-1 is a novel fusarium graminearum mitogen-activated protein kinase (FgGpmk1) inhibitor with an EC50 value of 3.46 μg/mL.
    FgGpmk1-IN-1
  • HY-136271
    MJ33
    		Inhibitor
    MJ-33 is a competitive phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.3 μM. MJ-33 inhibits the activation of NOX2 by blocking the PLA₂ activity of Prdx6, thereby reducing the production of ROS. MJ-33 effectively inhibits the activity of acidic PLA₂ (pH 4.0), reduces the degradation of pulmonary surfactant phosphatidylcholine (PC), but has no effect on alkaline PLA₂ (pH 8.5). MJ-33 significantly alleviates lung oxidative damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). MJ-33 significantly inhibits the invasive, migratory and adhesive abilities of prostate cancer cells by suppressing the MAPK, AKT, NF-κB and AP-1 signaling pathways. MJ-33 can be used to study ROS-related diseases and prostate cancer.
    MJ33
  • HY-153348
    p38 Kinase inhibitor 4
    		Inhibitor
    p38 Kinase inhibitor 4 (compound 135) is a potent p38 inhibitor.
    p38 Kinase inhibitor 4
  • HY-N12561
    Pestanoid A
    		Inhibitor
    Pestanoid A is a rearranged pimarane diterpenoid osteoclastogenesis inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.2 μM. Pestanoid A can be isolated from the marine mesophotic zone chalinidae sponge-associated fungus, Pestalotiopsis sp. NBUF145. Pestanoid A inhibits the receptor activator of NF-kB ligand-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling by suppressing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2-JNK1/2-p38 MAPKs and NF-κB nuclear translocation. Pestanoid A can be used for the study of osteoporosis.
    Pestanoid A
  • HY-172110
    Apoptosis inducer 35
    		Inhibitor
    Apoptosis inducer 35 (Compound 6) is a multi-targeted inhibitor, that reduces the expressions of EGFR, AKT, ERK and P38-MAPKα. Apoptosis inducer 35 inhibits the proliferation of cancer cell A549 and Jurkat, arrests the cell cycle at S phase, and induces apoptosis.
    Apoptosis inducer 35
  • HY-N19215
    Arnicolide B
    		Inhibitor
    Arnicolide B is a sesquiterpene lactone. Arnicolide B is isolated from Centipeda minima. Arnicolide B inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway. Arnicolide B reduces the production of inflammatory mediators NO, PGE2 and IL-6. Arnicolide B downregulates the overexpression of inflammatory proteins iNOS and COX-2. Arnicolide B has no effect on IκB-α degradation or NF-κB pathway activation. Arnicolide B is applicable to inflammation-related research.
    Arnicolide B
  • HY-P992200
    Anti-CD146 Antibody (AA98)
    		Inhibitor
    Anti-CD146 Antibody (AA98) is an antibody targeting CD146 and an angiogenesis inhibitor. Anti-CD146 Antibody (AA98) blocks the dimerization of CD146 as well as its downstream PI3K/AKT, p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways; it inhibits the expression of MMP9 and ICAM1, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the proliferation, migration and tube formation of endothelial cells. Anti-CD146 Antibody (AA98) enhances radiation-induced cancer cell apoptosis and survival inhibition, reduces tumor microvessel density, and suppresses tumor growth, invasion and vasculogenic mimicry. Anti-CD146 Antibody (AA98) can be used in research related to cervical cancer, liver cancer, malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast, uveal melanoma, leiomyosarcoma, pancreatic cancer, other tumors and angiogenesis.
    Anti-CD146 Antibody (AA98)
  • HY-179042
    TGF-β/Smad-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    TGF-β/Smad-IN-3 (Compound 4w) is an effective TGF-β/Smad inhibitor. TGF-β/Smad-IN-3 exerts anti-pulmonary fibrosis activity by simultaneously inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways. TGF-β/Smad-IN-3 significantly inhibits collagen deposition induced by TGF-β1, with its IC50 value being 3.21 μM. TGF-β/Smad-IN-3 has an IC₅₀ of 46.77 nM for the autocrine motility factor (ATX). TGF-β/Smad-IN-3 significantly reduces the expression levels of α-SMA, COL1A1 and FN in TGF-β1-induced CCC-HPF-1 cells, and effectively inhibited TGF-β1-induced cell migration. TGF-β/Smad-IN-3 can be used for the study of pulmonary fibrosis.
    TGF-β/Smad-IN-3
  • HY-179033
    Nur77 antagonist 2
    		Activator
    Nur77 antagonist 2 (Compound 12b) is an orally active Nur77 antagonist with a KD value of 0.42 μM. Nur77 antagonist 2 exhibits proliferative activity on liver cancer cells. Nur77 antagonist 2 stabilizes Nur77 by inhibiting its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation, leading to Nur77-dependent apoptosis via the ASK1-JNK/p38 pathway. Nur77 antagonist 2 inhibits tumor growth in the HCCLM3 xenograft model. Nur77 antagonist 2 can be used for the study of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
    Nur77 antagonist 2
  • HY-163151
    JE-133
    		Inhibitor
    JE-133 is an optically active isochromane-2H-chromene conjugate. JE-133 exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. JE-133 is a neuroprotective agent that effectively inhibits neuronal oxidative damage associated with PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. JE-133 can also inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (HY-D1056)-induced neuroinflammation by regulating JAK/STAT and Nrf2 signaling pathways.
    JE-133
  • HY-175655
    BChE/p38-α MAPK-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    BChE/p38-α MAPK-IN-1 is a selective dual inhibitor of hBChE (IC50 = 772 nM) and p38α MAPK (IC50 = 191 nM). BChE/p38-α MAPK-IN-1 reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) in cells. BChE/p38-α MAPK-IN-1 improves Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced cognitive impairment, as well as alleviates LPS (HY-D1056)-induced spatial learning impairment and exerts anti-neuroinflammatory effects in mice. BChE/p38-α MAPK-IN-1 can be used for the study of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by targeting both cholinergic deficit and neuroinflammation.
    BChE/p38-α MAPK-IN-1
  • HY-171656
    G721-0282
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    G721-0282 is an orally active CHI3L1 inhibitor. G721-0282 can reduce the expression of inflammatory proteins and cytokines. G721-0282 inhibits the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. G721-0282 inhibits neuroinflammation and reduces anxious behavior. G721-0282 significantly inhibits the proliferation of osteosarcoma (OS) cells by suppressing the STAT3 signaling pathway. G721-0282 induces OS cell apoptosis by upregulating pro-apoptotic protein levels and downregulating anti-apoptotic protein levels. G721-0282 can be used for researches on neuroinflammatory conditions and cancer.
    G721-0282
  • HY-175432
    p38 MAPK-IN-9
    		Inhibitor
    p38 MAPK-IN-9 (Compound 15) is an orally active and highly selective p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 9.6 nM. p38 MAPK-IN-9 is promising for research of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, septic shock, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
    p38 MAPK-IN-9
  • HY-175293
    SMU-C68
    		Activator
    SMU-C68 is a highly selective small-molecule TLR1/2 heterodimer agonist (EC50=0.009 μM). SMU-C68 activates NF-κB and MAPK pathways to promote pro-inflammatory cytokine release (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β). SMU-C68 is promising for research of cancers.
    SMU-C68
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison

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